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Computer: The industrial machine eliminates muscular effort from production; just like that the computing machine eliminates clerical and computational effort from administration, research, etc. The word “computer” is derived from the word “compute”, which means to calculate. It is an electronic device that can perform a variety of operations according to a set of instructions called program. It is “a device that receives, processes and presents information” (McGraw Hill, 1997, p. 270). A computer is a device that solves problems by applying prescribed operation on data entered into it. (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1991, p. 638). A computer can also be defined as a set of interacting elements, responding to input so as to produce desire output.

A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions. The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.

Nearly all modern computers implement some form of the stored program architecture, making it the single trait by which the word "computer" is now defined. By this standard, many earlier devices would no longer be called computers by today's definition, but are usually referred to as such in their historical context. The technologies used in computers have changed dramatically since the first electronic, general-purpose computers of the 1940s, but most still use the Von Neumann architecture. The design made the universal computer a practical reality.

Vacuum tube-based computers were in use throughout the 1950s. Vacuum tubes were largely replaced in the 1960s by transistor-based computers. When compared with tubes, transistors are smaller, faster, cheaper, use less power, and are more reliable. In the 1970s, integrated circuit technology and the subsequent creation of microprocessors, such as the Intel 4004, caused another generation of decreased size and cost, and another generation of increased speed and reliability. By the 1980s, computers became sufficiently small and cheap to replace simple mechanical controls in domestic appliances such as washing machines. The 1980s also witnessed home computers and the now ubiquitous personal computer. With the evolution of the Internet, personal computers are becoming as common as the television and the telephone in the household.

Experts don’t agree on computer classification because computer technology is changing so fast that within the span of a month, when a new system comes out, it is faced with two potential factors- one costs the same and has a much higher performance and the other has the same performance but costs much less. Thus, a recently introduced smaller system can outcome (outperform) the large model of a few years ago and a new PC can do the work of an earlier mini at a much lower cost.

This is the Computer Age and these machines are beginning to affect our lives in many ways. There are so many applications of computers. The computer era appears before us with the promise of new and improved ways of thinking, living and working. Computers are all around us and avoiding them is virtually impossible. We have been exposed to the world of computer hype, computer advertisements and computer headlines. We interact with computers in our daily lives - whether we are at the cinemas, the school, or the public library.

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