Manpower Planning: Effective manpower planning is a crucial job in
the library system. It should consider both the existing staff as well as new
persons to be recruited. An effective planning should be made for the personnel
management at the organizational level itself so that at the planning stage
itself the library system have a well defined, well structured and realistic
manpower policy.
The
preplan activities before manpower planning includes-
i) Collection of data for job
specification and job analysis;
ii) Preparation of flow charting
for various operation and system analysis;
iii) Subsequent quantification
and interpretation of the data;
iv) Translation of the system
analysis into manpower requirements.
The
points that should be considered in manpower planning includes-
i) The objectives and goals of
the library and the performance to achieve these through implementation of
services should be considered in the manpower planning;
ii) Besides the routine jobs the
emphasis should also be given on changing circumstances, revised objectives and
programme adjustment because libraries are constantly changing social
organization. The social forces and new technology are always influencing
factors of the library.
iii) The staff structure should
facilitate the understanding of the role of individual responsibilities.
iv) Each staff should be given
opportunity to make useful contribution to the general functioning of the
library.
v) Motivation is of prime
importance in a library because in the library it is the service which matter.
vi) Adequate communication should
be maintained among the staff member and the staff must be kept informed of
facts affecting their work.
vii) The manpower planning also
should give clear-cut guideline about recruitment and selection, test,
placement, induction and orientation, training and development, etc.
“ugc”
“net”
“ugc net”
“net exam”
“net entrance”
“net jrf”
“ugc net syllabus”
“ugc
net jrf entrance exam coaching classes institute” “ugc net jrfcomputer science exam coaching” “ugc net jrf commerce exam coaching” “ugc net jrf management exam coaching” “ugc net jrf economics exam coaching” “ugc net jrf mass communication exam coaching” “ugc net jrf education exam coaching” “ugc net jrf history exam coaching” “ugc net jrf psychology exam coaching” “ugc net jrf hindi exam coaching” “ugc net jrf political science exam coaching” “ugc net jrf human resource exam coaching” “ugc net jrf library & information science exam
coaching” “ugc net jrf computer science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf coaching exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf study material”
“ugc”
“net”
“ugc net”
“net exam”
“net entrance”
“net jrf”
global teachers academy D-2, Arjun Nagar Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi Near Green Park Metro Station Ph. 078-380-239-56 , 078-380-243-65 http://www.gtah.net/
Linkage of LIS with Other
Disciplines: Library and Information Science is an interdisciplinary body
of knowledge, taking shape in the form of new paradigmatic science recognizable
from its theoretical foundations and broad agreement as to its purpose and methods
and the approach it employs. This interdisciplinary subject has derived and
drawn the benefits from most of the traditional subjects which include
Chemistry, Computer Science, Education, Linguistics, Logic, Mathematics,
Physics, Psychology and so on. In the following paragraphs an attempt has been
made to discuss the contribution of some other subjects towards library and
information science. The discussion has been arranged according to the
alphabetical order of the name of the discipline.
a) Chemistry:Chemistry is the science of matter. It
deals with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions
upon one another. The Alchemists did much of the ground work leading up to
modern chemistry of which Antoine Lavoisier (1743-94) is considered the
founder. Chemistry helps the Library and Information Science in the
preservation and conservation of different types of documents. It is
extensively used to save the print and / or digital counterparts from different
biological agents.
b) Computer Science:Computer science is the study of
computation. It is the discipline that is concerned with the methods and
techniques related to data processing performed by automatic means. It deals
with theories of understanding computing systems and methods; designing
methodology, algorithms and tools; dealing with the methods for the testing of
concepts, methods of analysis and verification; and knowledge representation
and implementation.
Library
and Information Science often needs to handle very large quantity of data which
always demands the use of computer. In recent times, the work of every branch
of Library and Information Science relies directly or indirectly on the use of
computer i.e. it is used for library administration, acquisition, retrospective
searching, current awareness, SDI services, online database searching, machine
translation, etc. It helps to reduce the burden of handling the ever-increasing
amount of information. It helps to automate the whole house keeping operation
and so on. The computer science with operation research or cybernetics helps in
the study and development of information processing, psychology and the
behavioral sciences, through putting light on the human processes involved in
knowledge-transfer such as communication process, analysis of user needs and
man – machine interaction.
c) Economics:Economics is the branch of social
science that deals with the production, distribution and consumption of goods
and services and their management. It includes interest rates, gross national
product, inflation, unemployment, inventories, as tools to predict the
direction of the economy, etc.
Library
is a non profit making institution. So, its service must be justified in terms
of demand and uses. Economic theories are used for the evaluation of different
types of reference sources. It is extensively used to study the document
procuring and processing cost of the staff, cost of storage, cost of
maintenance, cost of retrieval of information, overhead cost etc. It is also
used for the cost benefit and cost effectiveness studies in the context of
different services.
d) Education:Education encompasses teaching and
learning specific skills, and also something less tangible but more profound:
the imparting of knowledge, good judgment and wisdom. It also imparts culture
from generation to generation.
Every
seeker of information is a student in one sense and they need initiation into
the library and information system, tools and technique. The libraries and
information centre also serves as institutions of informal education. It
teaches the library patron about how to use the library material through user
education programme, gives assistance through reference services, and provides
information service when the users need it. In addition, the subject education,
works out programmes of education and training for the profession itself
regarding the design and execution of courses, method of evaluation,
certification, etc.
e) Law:Law is the combination of those rules
and principles of conduct promulgated by legislative authority. It is derived
from court decisions and established by local custom. In library environment
there are also laws governing registration of newspaper and periodical, ISBN /
ISSN number, censorship, copyright, delivery of books act, transmission &
communication of information, etc. Within the premises of library itself,
library rules are in existence for the proper use of library material. Various
states also have library legislation which enables the establishment,
maintenance, financing and governing the public library system within the
states. In the computer environment also there are laws related to data flow,
networking, and uses of information which are governed by special regulation.
Library and Information Science demands the detail study and evaluation of all
these laws.
f) Linguistics:Linguistics is the scientific
study of human language. In the library environment linguistics is of great
significance in information processing, indexing and abstracting of document,
automatic indexing, artificial intelligence, machine translation etc. In the
process of indexing, the indexer has to choose the terms from natural language
by taking into consideration different syntactic and semantic problems as the
phrase or word chosen should match the vocabulary of the text and the search
terms of the user.
g) Logic:Logic is the branch of
philosophy that deals with the formal properties of arguments and the
philosophical problems associated with them. It means gathering and reasoning;
investigating the principles governing correct or reliable inference and deals
with the canons and criteria of validity in thought and demonstration. The
system of reasoning is applicable to any branch of knowledge or study. In
Library and Information Science, it is used in the classification and indexing
of document, and widely used in decision making by the librarian.
h)
Management:According to ALA
Glossary of Library and Information Science “management may be defined as the
process of coordinating the total resources of an organization towards the
accomplishment of the desired goals of that organization through the execution
of a group of interrelated function such
as planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Management
science helps in system analysis, system design, and system management and by
this way helps in managing a LIS centre most efficiently. It is responsible for
deciding the line of authority and the objectives of the institution, analysing
and describing a job and fixing policies for recruitment and so on.
i)
Mathematics:Mathematics is
the science dealing with quantity, form, measurement andarrangement, and in particular, with the
methods for discovering by concepts and by models the properties and
interrelationship of quantities and magnitudes. The mathematics helps in
programming as well as in the study of economics of information, estimate cost,
performance evaluation, etc. Various information models are needed in preparing
different types of library software packages. Again, bibliometrics is a branch
of Library and Information Science where mathematical principles are used to a
great extent.
j)
Philosophy:The term
philosophy is drawn from a combination of the Greek words “philos” meaning love
and “Sophia” meaning wisdom (love of wisdom). So, it is the study of the most
general and abstract features of the world and categories with which we think
mind, matter, reason, proof, truth and so on. It is the tool for the generation
and development of information.
k) Physics:Physics (from the Greek ‘phusikos’
means natural and ‘phusis’ means nature) is the science of Nature in the
broadest sense. It is concerned with the study of the behaviour and properties
of matter in a wide variety of contexts, ranging from the sub-nuclear particles
from which all ordinary matter is made (particle physics) to the behaviour of
the material universe as a whole (cosmology). Different types of machines that
are widely used in the library are product of the physics. It includes
reprographic, automatic binding machine, etc.
l)
Psychology:Psychology is the
scientific study of human behaviour (derived from the Greek word 'psyche'
meaning breath, spirit, or soul and ‘logos’ means ‘study’), mental processes,
and how they are affected and/or affect individuals or groups physical state,
mental state, and external environment. Its goal is to describe, understand,
predict, and modify behaviour. Though
it is largely concerned with humans, the behaviour and thought of animals is
also studied. Library and Information Centers have to provide information
service based on user needs. But the users have different psychological
temperaments, which makes knowledge of human psychology important in LIS. The
human psychology helps the Library and Information Science professional to
understand the user correctly, analyze his/her problem or need precisely to
provide the specific information in a form most suitable to him/her, and to
treat the user appropriately. The knowledge of psychology is also important in
designing and developing an information retrieval system as it helps to select
a term which majority of the users is likely to use.
m) Sociology:Sociology, the study of the
social lives of humans, groups, and societies, is sometimes defined as the
study of social interactions. It concerns itself with the social rules and
processes that bind and separate people not only as individuals, but as members
of associations, groups, and institutions. Library is a social institution. In
Library and Information Science sociology examines the legal and social aspects
of information processing, transfer and use.
n) Statistics:Statistics is concerned with the
collections, classification, analysis and interpretation of numerical facts or
data. Statistics obtains data from a study of a large quantity of numerical
data which need not be exact but should approximate the true value. Statistical
methods in Library and Information Science help in improving the existing
services of the library. The statistical analysis is used to assess the users' needs
and ascertain views on library services, to measure productivity of library
staff, to justify the need of reference service, cost benefit analysis, library
performance evaluation and so on.
Library and Information Science
and other traditional subjects are inter-linked. It is sure that information
science is benefited by other traditional subject. But in return it also gives
its best to other subject. It takes the sole responsibility of the literary
heritage of other subjects, its document collection, conservation and
preservation, dissemination and uses and by this way also helps in their
subsequent generation of new information. Again, it is only the library that
manages the literary heritages on which our modern civilization exists. Without
the help of Library and Information Science, the society will again move to the
traditional days of human civilization. When we come to the electronic
environment, much of the information available over the internet as a whole, is
the product of the Library and Information Science or devised in consultation
with the help of the Library and Information Science professional.
“ugc”
“net”
“ugc net”
“net exam”
“net entrance”
“net jrf”
“ugc net syllabus”
“ugc
net jrf entrance exam coaching classes institute” “ugc net jrfcomputer science exam coaching” “ugc net jrf commerce exam coaching” “ugc net jrf management exam coaching” “ugc net jrf economics exam coaching” “ugc net jrf mass communication exam coaching” “ugc net jrf education exam coaching” “ugc net jrf history exam coaching” “ugc net jrf psychology exam coaching” “ugc net jrf hindi exam coaching” “ugc net jrf political science exam coaching” “ugc net jrf human resource exam coaching” “ugc net jrf library & information science exam
coaching” “ugc net jrf computer science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf coaching exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf study material”
“ugc”
“net”
“ugc net”
“net exam”
“net entrance”
“net jrf”
global teachers academy D-2, Arjun Nagar Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi Near Green Park Metro Station Ph. 078-380-239-56 , 078-380-243-65 http://www.gtah.net/
